Table 1 Participant Characteristics of the study population

Age, median (IQR), y

44 (34–53)

49 (39–58)

40 (31–50)

< .001

Sex

< .001

 Men

95,316 (49.81)

34,231 (41.80)

61,085 (55.81)

 Women

96,041 (50.19)

47,669 (58.20)

48,372 (44.19)

BMI, mean (SD)

23.60 (3.34)

23.76 (3.26)

23.48 (3.39)

< .001

Overweight

< .001

 No

99,250 (51.87)

41,040 (50.11)

58,210 (53.18)

 Yes

75,478 (39.44)

33,327 (40.69)

42,151 (38.51)

 NA

16,629 (8.69)

7533 (9.20)

9096 (8.31)

TG, median (IQR), mmol/L

1.32 (0.93–1.99)

1.35 (0.95–1.99)

1.30 (0.91–1.99)

< .001

TC, median (SD), mmol/L

5.08 (1.02)

5.14 (1.02)

5.04 (1.01)

< .001

O₃ (1-year average exposure level), median (IQR), ppb

0.0408 (0.0392–0.0418)

0.0409 (0.0396–0.0419)

0.0407 (0.0391–0.0418)

< .001

O₃ (2-year average exposure level), median (IQR), ppb

0.0410 (0.0390–0.0415)

0.4101 (0.3924–0.4157)

0.4092 (0.3892–0.4147)

< .001