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Table 1 Change in age-standardized asthma deaths rate related to environmental risk factors from 1990 to 2019

From: Global patterns of asthma burden related to environmental risk factors during 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for global burden of disease study 2019

Categories

Smoking-related asthma deaths rate (per 100,000 population)

Occupational asthmagens-related asthma deaths rate (per 100,000 population)

1990

2019

Percent change

1990

2019

Percent change

Global

1.81 (0.94, 2.74)

0.68 (0.36, 0.96)

−62.43%

0.92 (0.65, 1.26)

0.41 (0.33, 0.51)

−55.43%

Sex

 Male

3.44 (1.77, 5.21)

1.21 (0.65, 1.70)

−64.83%

1.37 (0.90, 1.98)

0.60 (0.45, 0.76)

−56.20%

 Female

0.56 (0.28, 0.93)

0.23 (0.11, 0.37)

−58.93%

0.51 (0.32, 0.77)

0.24 (0.18, 0.31)

−52.94%

SDI region

 High SDI

0.77 (0.44, 1.10)

0.14 (0.08, 0.21)

−81.82%

0.19 (0.18, 0.21)

0.06 (0.05, 0.07)

−68.42%

 High-middle SDI

0.95 (0.54, 1.35)

0.24 (0.13, 0.33)

−74.74%

0.29 (0.25, 0.36)

0.08 (0.07, 0.10)

−72.41%

 Middle SDI

1.95 (1.04, 2.90)

0.71 (0.39, 0.99)

−63.59%

0.78 (0.62, 1.04)

0.31 (0.26, 0.36)

−60.26%

 Low-middle SDI

4.98 (2.37, 8.26)

1.90 (0.95, 2.86)

−61.85%

2.54 (1.63, 3.76)

1.04 (0.76, 1.40)

−59.06%

 Low SDI

3.37 (1.49, 5.77)

1.60 (0.75, 2.57)

−52.52%

3.08 (2.12, 4.47)

1.47 (1.11, 2.06)

−52.27%

  1. Abbreviation: SDI Socio-demographic index