Table 2 Association between transportation noise source and diabetes mortality. Full cohort including 4,136,220 adults over 30 years, followed from 2001 to 2015. Multipollutant models, adjusting for the other two noise sources plus NO₂. HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) per 10 dB increase in Lden noise source

N deaths

72,342

73,388

1046

Noise source

Road traffic

Railway

Aircraft

Road traffic

Railway

Aircraft

Road traffic

Railway

Aircraft

Model 0

1.08

(1.07, 1.09)

1.04

(1.03, 1.05)

0.97

(0.96, 0.98)

1.08

(1.07, 1.09)

1.04

(1.03, 1.05)

0.97

(0.96, 0.98)

1.17

(1.09, 1.27)

1.04

(0.99, 1.10)

1.00

(0.92, 1.08)

Model 1

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.03

(1.02, 1.03)

1.02

(1.01, 1.03)

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.03

(1.02, 1.03)

1.02

(1.01, 1.03)

1.14

(1.06, 1.23)

1.04

(0.98, 1.10)

1.00

(0.92, 1.09)

Model 2

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

1.01

(1.00, 1.02)

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

1.01

(1.00, 1.02)

1.13

(1.04, 1.22)

1.02

(0.96, 1.08)

0.94

(0.84, 1.04)

Model 3

(main model)

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.01, 1.03)

1.01

(0.99, 1.02)

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.01, 1.03)

1.01

(0.99, 1.02)

1.09

(1.01, 1.18)

1.02

(0.96, 1.08)

0.92

(0.83, 1.03)

Model 3b

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

1.01

(0.99, 1.02)

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

1.00

(0.99, 1.02)

1.12

(1.03, 1.21)

1.02

(0.96, 1.08)

0.92

(0.82, 1.02)

Model 4.1

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.01, 1.03)

1.01

(0.99, 1.02)

1.06

(1.05, 1.07)

1.02

(1.01, 1.03)

1.01

(0.99, 1.02)

1.09

(1.00, 1.18)

1.01

(0.95, 1.08)

0.92

(0.83, 1.03)

Model 4.2

1.04

(1.03, 1.05)

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

1.01

(1.00, 1.02)

1.04

(1.03, 1.06)

1.02

(1.02, 1.03)

1.01

(0.99, 1.02)

1.08

(0.97, 1.19)

1.03

(0.97, 1.09)

0.93

(0.83, 1.03)