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Table 5 Estimation results of exposure effects by single model and multi model

From: Association of longitudinal pet ownership with wheezing in 3-year-old children using the distributed lag model: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Pet ownership

Category (/ reference)

Wheezing in the last 12 months at 3 years old: odds ratio (95% CI)

Single Model

Multi Model

Mid-pregnancy

Yes (/ No)

1.13 ( 1.07, 1.20 )

1.02 ( 0.92, 1.14 )

6 months old

Yes (/ No)

1.14 ( 1.08, 1.20 )

1.08 ( 0.98, 1.19 )

1.5 years old

Yes (/ No)

1.15 ( 1.08, 1.22 )

1.06 ( 0.96, 1.17 )

  1. Adjustment variables: previous delivery, weeks of pregnancy at delivery, planned/emergent cesarean delivery, weight at birth, child’s sex at birth, annual household income, frequency of cleaning the living room floor with a vacuum cleaner, frequency of cleaning the bedroom floor with a vacuum cleaner, family members' smoking after the baby was born within 1 month of birth, mother’s allergy and ear-nose-throat disease (bronchial asthma), Study Areas
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X