Gestational exposure to organochlorine compounds and metals and infant birth weight: effect modification by maternal hardships

Table 5 The associations between exposure to metals (2-fold increase) and birth weight (grams) by maternal hardships among the MIREC study participants in Canada, 2008–2011

	Low education		Low income		Lone parenthood		Racially minoritized background		Living alone		Student
	Yes n = 160 (9%)	No n = 1649 (91%)	Yes n = 72 (4%)	No n = 1698 (96%)	Yes n = 87 (5%)	No n = 1769 (95%)	Yes n = 160 (9%)	No n = 1649 (91%)	Yes n = 72 (4%)	No n = 1698 (96%)	Yes n = 82 (5%)	No n = 1439 (95%)
Pb	-100 (-215, 16)^*	-34 (-64, -3)^**	-	-	-	-	18 (-54, 89)	-50 (-82, -17)^**	-	-	-	-
Hg	23 (-25, 71)	-9 (-24, 6)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
As	-58 (-130, 13)	-5 (-25, 16)	-87 (-189, 15)^*	-3 (-23, 18)	-100 (-201, 1)^*	-5 (-25, 15)^*	-	-	-	-	-	-
Mn	-	-	192 (-27, 410)^*	-1 (-46, 44)	-242 (-454, -29)^**	20 (-25, 64)	-	-	231 (-151, 612)	7 (-37, 50)	81 (-52, 213)	-0 (-47, 46)
Cd	-	-	-	-	-	-	-35 (-79, 9)	-8 (-31, 15)	-	-	-	-

n indicates sample size;—indicates not selected by elastic net models
Each cell contains the difference in birth weight measured in grams and associated 95% confidence intervals
All models were stratified by hardship and adjusted for maternal education, maternal race and ethnicity, maternal age, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal smoking status, parity, infant sex and gestational age; Models assessing maternal hardship racially minoritized background were not adjusted for maternal race and ethnicity; Models assessing maternal hardship low education or low income were not adjusted for maternal education; OC models additionally adjusted for total lipids
^**p-value for association < 0.05
^*p-value for association < 0.1

ISSN: 1476-069X