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Table 5 Comparison of Camp Lejeune (CL) and Camp Pendleton (CP) civilian workers: underlying cause of death

From: Evaluation of mortality among Marines, Navy personnel, and civilian workers exposed to contaminated drinking water at USMC base Camp Lejeune: a cohort study

Outcome

Total

Camp Lejeune #

Unadjusted

HR (95% CI)

Adjusted

HR (95% CI)

Camp Pendleton #

All causes

6,335

3,055

0.96 (0.91, 1.01)

0.96(0.91, 1.01)

3,280

All cancers

1,772

882

0.99(0.91, 1.09)

1.00(0.91, 1.11)

890

All malignancies

1,733

859

0.98(0.90, 1.08)

1.00(0.91, 1.10)

874

Oral cancers

20

10

1.00(0.42, 2.41)

1.03(0.41, 2.58)

10

 Pharynx

12

8

2.02(0.61, 6.71)

2.21(0.63, 7.78)

4

Esophagus

37

13

0.54(0.28, 1.07)

0.63(0.31, 1.28)

24

Stomach

42

21

0.98(0.53, 1.79)

0.92(0.48, 1.76)

21

Colorectal cancers

126

58

0.86(0.61, 1.23)

0.86(0.59, 1.24)

68

 Colon

101

46

0.85(0.57, 1.26)

0.85(0.56, 1.28)

55

 Rectum and

 Rectosigmoid junction

27

13

0.93(0.43, 1.97)

0.95(0.43, 2.09)

14

 Rectum only

17

8

0.87(0.34, 2.27)

0.84(0.31, 2.27)

9

Liver, biliary, gall bladder

49

20

0.71(0.40, 1.25)

0.77(0.43, 1.39)

29

 Liver and bile ducts

38

16

0.75(0.39, 1.43)

0.80(0.41, 1.57)

22

 Primary liver

15

6

0.68(0.24, 1.92)

0.87(0.31, 2.48)

9

Pancreas

104

41

0.64(0.43, 0.95)

0.71(0.47, 1.06)

63

Larynx

13

8

1.52(0.50, 4.67)

1.19(0.37, 3.83)

5

Lung

591

310

1.10(0.94, 1.30)

1.13(0.96, 1.34)

281

Urinary bladder

43

18

0.78(0.43, 1.43)

0.65(0.34, 1.26)

25

Kidney

39

24

1.56(0.82, 2.98)

1.44(0.73, 2.84)

15

Brain and CNS

45

17

0.58(0.32, 1.07)

0.61(0.33, 1.13)

28

Connective tissue

11

5

0.81(0.25, 2.65)

0.60(0.17, 2.14)

6

Melanoma

17

12

2.42(0.85, 6.89)

3.03(1.05, 8.76)

5

Hematopoietic cancers

174

84

0.95(0.70, 1.28)

1.00(0.73, 1.36)

90

Lymphoid cancers

17

6

0.57(0.21, 1.53)

0.84(0.30, 2.34)

11

Myeloid cancers

40

19

0.89(0.48, 1.66)

0.98(0.51, 1.88)

21

Hodgkin lymphoma

5

3

1.48(0.25, 8.86)

1.65(0.27, 9.96)

2

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

73

35

0.97(0.61, 1.53)

0.95(0.59, 1.54)

38

Multiple myeloma

28

15

1.11(0.53, 2.33)

1.02 (0.47, 2.24)

13

Leukemias

68

31

0.85(0.53, 1.37)

1.00(0.61, 1.64)

37

 CLL

13

5

0.68(0.22. 2.09)

0.85(0.27, 2.63)

8

 AML

31

15

0.93(0.46, 1.88)

0.97(0.47, 2.02)

16

 CML

8

4

0.99(0.25, 3.96)

1.26(0.29, 5.48)

4

Female Breast

81

48

1.24 (0.79, 1.93)

1.19 (0.76, 1.88)

33

Uterus

19

10

1.00 (0.41, 2.48)

0.99 (0.39, 2.49)

9

Ovary

36

14

0.58 (0.29, 1.13)

0.60 (0.30, 1.19)

22

Prostate

130

71

1.32 (0.93, 1.86)

1.03 (0.71, 1.51)

59

Diabetes

197

94

0.94(0.71, 1.24)

0.81(0.60, 1.10)

103

Cardiovascular disease

2,377

1,105

0.91(0.84, 0.99)

0.91(0.83, 0.99)

1,272

Anemias

10

7

2.38(0.61, 9.24)

1.91(0.48, 7.65)

3

Chronic liver disease

87

36

0.64(0.42, 0.98)

0.74(0.48, 1.15)

51

 Alcoholic liver disease

49

16

0.43(0.24, 0.78)

0.54(0.29, 1.00)

33

 Nonalcoholic liver disease

36

19

1.04(0.54, 2.01)

1.11(0.57, 2.17)

17

Alcoholism

17

7

0.63(0.24, 1.65)

0.67(0.24, 1.83)

10

Chronic kidney disease

75

49

2.04(1.27, 3.29)

1.88(1.13, 3.11)

26

COPD

384

171

0.86(0.70, 1.05)

0.91(0.74, 1.12)

213

Multiple sclerosis

6

3

0.97(0.19, 4.80)

0.83(0.16, 4.25)

3

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

15

5

0.50(0.17, 1.47)

0.44(0.15, 1.34)

10

Parkinson disease

61

30

1.09(0.66, 1.80)

1.21(0.72, 2.04)

31

Suicide

74

29

0.59(0.37, 0.94)

0.72(0.45, 1.16)

45

  1. HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; CNS: Central nervous system cancers; CLL: Chronic lymphcytic leukemia; AML: Acute myeloid leukemia; CML: Chronic myeloid leukemia; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  2. Totals: Camp Lejeune = 7,332 Females = 3,624 Males = 3,708; Camp Pendleton = 6,677 Females = 3,031 Males = 3,646
  3. Causes of death that were not evaluated because the number of cases were < 2 for CL and/or CP: Testicular cancer; Male breast cancer; Thyroid cancer; Acute lymphocytic leukemia
  4. HRs adjusted for sex, race, blue collar work (y/n) and education level; age was the time variable
  5. Blue collar work included manual jobs such as maintenance workers, mechanics, construction workers, laundry and dry-cleaning workers, pest control workers, and water treatment plant workers