Table 1 Search Strategy by Database and Additional Notes

Agricultural and Environmental Science

1. (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*)

AND

2. (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”)

AND

3. (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*)

Searched each line as “NOFT” (no full text) Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 522

BIOSIS Citation Index

1. (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*)

AND

2. (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”)

AND

3. (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*)

Searched each line as “TOPIC” Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 133

Embase

1. (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*)

2. (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”)

3. (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*)

4. #1 AND #2 AND #3

Searched each line as “EMBASE ONLY” sources Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 360

GreenFILE

1. TI ( (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*) ) OR SU ( (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*) ) OR AB ( (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*) ) OR KW ( (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*) )

2. TI ( (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”) ) OR SU ( (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”) ) OR AB ( (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”) ) OR KW ( (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”) )

3. TI ( (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*) ) OR SU ( (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*) ) OR AB ( (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*) ) OR KW ( (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*) )

4. #1 AND #2 AND #3

Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 57

PubMed

1. (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*)

2. (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”)

3. (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*)

4. #1 AND #2 AND #3

Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 354

Scopus

1. (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*)

AND

2. (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”)

AND

3. (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*)

Each line was searched within: “Article title”, “Abstract”, and “Keywords” Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 379

Web of Science

1. (child* OR youth OR kid OR kids OR adolescen* OR school-age* OR baby OR babies OR infan* OR neonat*)

AND

2. (intelligen* OR IQ OR “intelligence quotient” OR “cognitive function” OR “intelligence test” OR “intelligence tests”)

AND

3. (PM2.5 OR “PM 2.5” OR PM OR “particulate matter” OR “fine particulate matter” OR “air pollution” OR “air pollutant” OR “air pollutants” OR “black carbon” OR particulate* OR aerosol*)

Each line was searches as “TOPIC” Date run: 10-27-2022 Number of records: 259