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Table 1 Basic characteristic of the study population

From: Association of polychlorinated biphenyls with vitamin D among rural Chinese adults with normal glycaemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Variables

Total

NGT group

T2DM group

P value

(N = 1705)

(N = 887)

(N = 818)

Age (years), median (IQR)

61.00 (12.00)

59.73 (12.00)

59.81(12.00)

0.806

Gender (n, %)

   

0.776

 Male

650 (38.12)

341 (38.44)

309 (37.78)

 

 Female

1055 (61.88)

546 (61.56)

509 (62.22)

 

Smoking status (n, %)

   

0.248

 Never/former

1394 (81.76)

716 (80.72)

678 (82.89)

 

 Current

311 (18.24)

171 (19.28)

140 (17.11)

 

Drinking status (n, %)

   

0.515

 Never/former

1481 (86.86)

775 (87.37)

706 (86.31)

 

 Current

224 (13.14)

112 (12.63)

112 (13.69)

 

Marital status (n, %)

   

0.784

 Married/living together

1520 (89.15)

789 (88.95)

731 (89.36)

 

 Divorced/widowed/separated/single

185 (10.85)

98 (11.05)

87 (10.64)

 

Educational level (n, %)

   

0.101

 Never attended school or primary school

945 (55.43)

503 (56.71)

442 (54.03)

 

 Junior high school

597 (35.01)

312 (35.17)

285 (34.84)

 

 Senior high school or above

163 (9.56)

72 (8.12)

91 (11.12)

 

Average monthly income (n, %)

   

0.420

 < 500 RMB

685 (40.18)

350 (39.46)

335 (40.95)

 

 500–1000 RMB

501 (29.38)

273 (30.78)

228 (27.87)

 

 > 1000 RMB

519 (30.44)

264 (29.76)

255 (31.17)

 

Physical activity, (n, %)

   

0.049

 Low

445 (26.10)

211 (23.79)

234 (28.61)

 

 Moderate

820 (48.09)

448 (50.51)

372 (45.48)

 

 High

440 (25.81)

228 (25.70)

212 (25.92)

 

BMI, kg/m2

24.56 ± 3.56

23.58 ± 3.32

25.63 ± 3.51

< 0.001

TC, mmol/L

4.73 ± 0.93

4.60 ± 0.81

4.87 ± 1.02

< 0.001

TG, mmol/L

2.02 ± 1.36

1.65 ± 1.00

2.40 ± 1.56

< 0.001

Total Lipid, mg/dL

606.38 ± 136.98

571.40 ± 108.90

644.30 ± 153.30

< 0.001

HOMA2-%β, median (IQR)

98.60 (75.20)

135.50 (51.90)

63.43 (49.75)

< 0.001

HOMA2-IR, median (IQR)

1.74 (0.92)

1.54 (0.74)

2.03 (1.15)

< 0.001

25(OH)D2 (ng/mL), median (IQR)

6.87 (3.34)

8.38 (3.79)

6.92 (2.58)

< 0.001

25(OH)D3 (ng/mL), median (IQR)

22.93 (9.30)

24.06 (8.85)

23.53 (9.76)

0.152

25(OH)D (ng/mL), median (IQR)

30.49 (11.02)

32.44 (11.16)

30.45 (10.53)

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: Data are shown as means ± standard deviations or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and numbers (percentages) for categorical variables. Student’s t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to examine the difference in continuous variables, and the significance of the difference in categorical variables was assessed by chi-squared tests
  2. BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HOMA2-%β, β-cell function; HOMA2-IR, homeostasis model assessment 2 of insulin resistance; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus. P values were calculated using the t-test or Mann–Whitney U test and chi-square test
  3. P value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X