Table 1 Characteristics of UPSIDE study participants contributing data to the present analysis (n = 286)a
From: Urinary mycoestrogens and gestational weight gain in the UPSIDE pregnancy cohort
Continuous variables | Mean (SD) |
Maternal age (years) | 28.9 (4.6) |
Early pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 (4.6) |
Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39.5 (1.5) |
Kilocalories per dayb | 2166.8 (317.7) |
Percent of calories from UPFb | 56.0 (17.1) |
Healthy Eating Indexb | 53.8 (9.0) |
Categorical Variables | n (%) |
Infant sex (male) | 147 (51.4) |
Preterm birth (< 37 weeks gestation) | 16 (5.6) |
Race and ethnicity | |
Hispanic | 28 (9.8) |
Non-Hispanic White | 166 (58.0) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 70 (24.5) |
Asian, Pacific Islander, Mixed Race, Other | 22 (7.7) |
Education | |
Less than high school/high school | 105 (36.7) |
Some college/college | 111 (38.8) |
More than college | 70 (24.5) |
Parity (nulliparous) | 97 (33.9) |
Smoking (any) | 21 (7.3) |
Use of social service (any) | 155 (54.2) |
GWG measures | Mean (SD) |
1st trimester total weight gain (kg) | 0.7 (2.3) |
1st trimester average weekly (kg/week) | 0.1 (0.3) |
2nd trimester weight gain (kg) | 6.2 (3.2) |
2nd trimester average weekly (kg/week) | 0.4 (0.2) |
3rd trimester weight gain (kg) | 5.2 (3.0) |
3rd trimester average weekly (kg/week) | 0.5 (0.3) |
Total GWG (kg) | 12.1 (6.2) |
Average weekly (kg/week) | 0.4 (0.2) |
GWG by Institute of Medicine Guidelines | n(%) |
Below | 63 (22.0) |
Appropriate | 105 (36.7) |
Above | 118 (41.3) |